diff options
| author | Prefetch | 2022-10-20 18:25:31 +0200 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Prefetch | 2022-10-20 18:25:31 +0200 |
| commit | 16555851b6514a736c5c9d8e73de7da7fc9b6288 (patch) | |
| tree | 76b8bfd30f8941d0d85365990bcdbc5d0643cabc /source/know/concept/young-dupre-relation | |
| parent | e5b9bce79b68a68ddd2e51daa16d2fea73b84fdb (diff) | |
Migrate from 'jekyll-katex' to 'kramdown-math-sskatex'
Diffstat (limited to 'source/know/concept/young-dupre-relation')
| -rw-r--r-- | source/know/concept/young-dupre-relation/index.md | 26 |
1 files changed, 13 insertions, 13 deletions
diff --git a/source/know/concept/young-dupre-relation/index.md b/source/know/concept/young-dupre-relation/index.md index 686d2a8..ed41aee 100644 --- a/source/know/concept/young-dupre-relation/index.md +++ b/source/know/concept/young-dupre-relation/index.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ layout: "concept" In fluid mechanics, the **Young-Dupré relation** relates the contact angle of a droplet at rest on a surface to the surface tensions of the interfaces. -Let $\alpha_{gl}$, $\alpha_{sl}$ and $\alpha_{sg}$ respectively be +Let $$\alpha_{gl}$$, $$\alpha_{sl}$$ and $$\alpha_{sg}$$ respectively be the energy costs of the liquid-gas, solid-liquid and solid-gas interfaces: $$\begin{aligned} @@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ when you account for the surface tension force pulling along each interface. A more general derivation is possible by using the [calculus of variations](/know/concept/calculus-of-variations/). -In 2D, the upper surface of the droplet is denoted by $y(x)$. -Consider the following Lagrangian $\mathcal{L}$, +In 2D, the upper surface of the droplet is denoted by $$y(x)$$. +Consider the following Lagrangian $$\mathcal{L}$$, with the two first terms respectively being the energy costs of the top and bottom surfaces: @@ -39,24 +39,24 @@ $$\begin{aligned} \end{aligned}$$ And the last term comes from the constraint -that the volume $V$ of the droplet must be constant: +that the volume $$V$$ of the droplet must be constant: $$\begin{aligned} V = \int_0^L y \dd{x} \end{aligned}$$ The total energy to be minimized is thus given by the following functional, -where the endpoints of the droplet are $x = 0$ and $x = L$: +where the endpoints of the droplet are $$x = 0$$ and $$x = L$$: $$\begin{aligned} E[y(x)] = \int_0^L \Big( \alpha_{gl} \sqrt{1 + (y')^2} + (\alpha_{sl} - \alpha_{sg}) + \lambda y \Big) \dd{x} \end{aligned}$$ -In this optimization problem, the endpoint $L$ is a free parameter, -i.e. the $L$-value of the optimum is unknown and must be found. -In such cases, the optimum $y(x)$ needs to satisfy the so-called *transversality condition* -at the variable endpoint, in this case $x = L$: +In this optimization problem, the endpoint $$L$$ is a free parameter, +i.e. the $$L$$-value of the optimum is unknown and must be found. +In such cases, the optimum $$y(x)$$ needs to satisfy the so-called *transversality condition* +at the variable endpoint, in this case $$x = L$$: $$\begin{aligned} 0 @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ $$\begin{aligned} &= \bigg( \alpha_{gl} \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 + (y')^2}} + (\alpha_{sl} - \alpha_{sg}) + \lambda y \bigg)_{x = L} \end{aligned}$$ -Due to the droplet's shape, we have the boundary condition $y(L) = 0$, +Due to the droplet's shape, we have the boundary condition $$y(L) = 0$$, so the last term vanishes. We are thus left with the following equation: @@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ $$\begin{aligned} \end{aligned}$$ At the edge of the droplet, imagine a small right-angled triangle -with one side $\dd{x}$ on the $x$-axis, -the hypotenuse on $y(x)$ having length $\dd{x} \sqrt{1 + (y')^2}$, -and the corner between them being the contact point with angle $\theta$. +with one side $$\dd{x}$$ on the $$x$$-axis, +the hypotenuse on $$y(x)$$ having length $$\dd{x} \sqrt{1 + (y')^2}$$, +and the corner between them being the contact point with angle $$\theta$$. Then, from the definition of the cosine: $$\begin{aligned} |
