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# Dirac notation
-*Dirac notation* is a notation to do calculations in a Hilbert space
+**Dirac notation** is a notation to do calculations in a Hilbert space
without needing to worry about the space's representation. It is
basically the *lingua franca* of quantum mechanics.
-In Dirac notation there are *kets* $\ket{V}$ from the Hilbert space
-$\mathbb{H}$ and *bras* $\bra{V}$ from a dual $\mathbb{H}'$ of the
+In Dirac notation there are **kets** $\ket{V}$ from the Hilbert space
+$\mathbb{H}$ and **bras** $\bra{V}$ from a dual $\mathbb{H}'$ of the
former. Crucially, the bras and kets are from different Hilbert spaces
and therefore cannot be added, but every bra has a corresponding ket and
vice versa.
-Bras and kets can only be combined in two ways: the *inner product*
-$\braket{V}{W}$, which returns a scalar, and the *outer product*
+Bras and kets can be combined in two ways: the **inner product**
+$\braket{V}{W}$, which returns a scalar, and the **outer product**
$\ket{V} \bra{W}$, which returns a mapping $\hat{L}$ from kets $\ket{V}$
to other kets $\ket{V'}$, i.e. a linear operator. Recall that the
Hilbert inner product must satisfy: